What are the key differences between comics, manga, and manhwa in terms of reading direction?

Comics (typically American) are read left-to-right, top-to-bottom. Manga (Japanese) are traditionally read right-to-left, top-to-bottom, though many digital releases are flipped for Western audiences. Manhwa (Korean) also traditionally read right-to-left, top-to-bottom, but increasingly, webtoons (a popular form of manhwa) are designed for vertical scrolling on smartphones, eliminating the need for traditional page layout and reading direction.