What is the difference between a volumetric DDoS attack and an application-layer DDoS attack?

Volumetric attacks involve large amounts of bandwidth, aiming to overwhelm the network with traffic (e.g., UDP flood). Application-layer attacks target specific vulnerabilities in applications, such as HTTP requests, to consume server resources (e.g., HTTP flood). Volumetric attacks are typically easier to mitigate, while application-layer attacks require more specialized solutions.