Describe an example of a volumetric DDoS attack.

A volumetric DDoS attack focuses on overwhelming the target's network bandwidth with massive amounts of traffic. A prime example is a UDP flood. An attacker, often using a botnet, sends a huge volume of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packets to random ports on the target server or network. UDP is connectionless, so the attacker doesn't need to establish a handshake. The target system, upon receiving these packets on closed ports, attempts to respond by sending ICMP 'Destination Unreachable' packets back to the source (which may or may not be spoofed). This creates a massive two-way traffic flow that quickly saturates the target's incoming and outgoing network links, making it impossible for any legitimate traffic to pass through.