Which specific .NET Framework versions are typically required for Vortex, and how do I check if they are installed?

Vortex typically requires .NET Framework 4.7.2 or 4.8. You can check installed versions by going to 'Control Panel' -> 'Programs' -> 'Programs and Features' -> 'Turn Windows features on or off'. Look for entries like '.NET Framework 4.8 Advanced Services'. For a more comprehensive check, you can use third-party tools like the .NET Framework Setup Verification Tool or the .NET Framework Repair Tool from Microsoft, which can also help identify missing or corrupted installations.